Arthroscopic surgery is an indispensable treatment modality for joint motion injuries and intra-articular diseases. Learning arthroscopic techniques has gradually become necessary for young orthopedic surgeons and is an essential part of their competency in the field. In recent years, high-fidelity shoulder arthroscopy simulators have been increasingly utilized for training in shoulder arthroscopic surgery techniques. These simulators provide learners with a virtual simulation and force feedback technology to facilitate repeated practice in a learning environment. However, it remains unclear which learning methods and strategies yield better results when using high-fidelity simulators for learning shoulder arthroscopic surgery techniques.

To compare the difference in teaching effect between peer collaborative learning and individual learning in the training of shoulder arthroscopy skills.

From June 2021 to March 2023, 30 orthopedic residents without experience in shoulder arthroscopy and related training were randomly divided into two groups. They learned shoulder arthroscopy skills using a high-fidelity virtual reality shoulder arthroscopy simulator. The simulator provided teaching through appointment. The experimental group received collaborative learning, in which three people formed a group to learn cooperatively according to the group model. The control group received individual education, in which residents learned independently using the simulator. All learners could practice until they were satisfied and passed the assessment. The simulator recorded all learning and assessment data.

The usage time of the simulator per person in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group. Compared with the control group, the experimental group performed better in total score, operation time, camera path length, and forceps path length, with significant statistical differences. However, there was no significant difference in scratches on the humeral or glenoid cartilage.

Collaborative learning can significantly improve the efficiency and learning effect of using a high-fidelity simulator to teach shoulder arthroscopy skills and is worth referring to and promoting.