切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华肩肘外科电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (03) : 249 -256. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5790.2021.03.010

论著

肱骨干中段骨折前外侧和后侧手术入路的临床效果比较
李一汉1, 周君琳1,(), 冷昆鹏1, 郭蒙1, 范伯元2   
  1. 1. 100027 首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院骨科
    2. 101100 首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院骨科
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-16 出版日期:2021-09-13
  • 通信作者: 周君琳
  • 基金资助:
    北京市自然科学基金(7202049)

A clinical comparison between anterolateral and posterior approaches for the treatment of humeral mid-shaft fractures

Yihan Li1, Junlin Zhou1,(), Kunpeng Leng1, Meng Guo1, Boyuan Fan2   

  1. 1. Orthopedic Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100027, China
    2. Orthopedic Department of Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China
  • Received:2020-10-16 Published:2021-09-13
  • Corresponding author: Junlin Zhou
引用本文:

李一汉, 周君琳, 冷昆鹏, 郭蒙, 范伯元. 肱骨干中段骨折前外侧和后侧手术入路的临床效果比较[J/OL]. 中华肩肘外科电子杂志, 2021, 09(03): 249-256.

Yihan Li, Junlin Zhou, Kunpeng Leng, Meng Guo, Boyuan Fan. A clinical comparison between anterolateral and posterior approaches for the treatment of humeral mid-shaft fractures[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Shoulder and Elbow(Electronic Edition), 2021, 09(03): 249-256.

目的

采用双中心回顾性研究分析并比较前外侧与后侧手术入路在治疗肱骨干中段骨折的临床效果和并发症。

方法

本研究纳入了2015年1月至2019年7月期间在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院骨科和首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院骨科两家医院诊断为肱骨干中段骨折并接受手术治疗的177例患者。在随访期间,每例患者均拍摄了X线片以进行评估。在术后第12个月随访时,我们用Constant评分系统、关节活动度和Mayo肘关节功能评分系统对每例患者的受累肢体进行了临床评估。

结果

86例A型(II组,n = 51)和B型或C型(IV组,n = 35)肱骨中段骨折患者接受了前外侧手术入路治疗。91例A型(I组,n = 45)和B或C型(III组,n = 46)肱骨中段骨折患者接受了后侧手术入路治疗。I组和II组之间以及III组和IV组之间,在患者人口统计学资料、手术数据、Constant评分、关节活动度和Mayo肘关节功能评分方面无明显差异。而I组和II组之间的总并发症发生率差异有统计学意义(P = 0.011)。

结论

在治疗简单肱骨干中段骨折时,前外侧手术入路显著优于后侧手术入路。然而,前外侧手术入路和后侧手术入路在治疗肱骨中段粉碎性骨折中,疗效无明显差异。

Background

Humeral shaft fractures are prevalent for trauma patients. Surgeons usually utilize open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates and screws to treat humeral mid-shaft fractures. Humeral mid-shaft fractures are typically treated through posterior or anterolateral approaches. It is reported that ORIF via posterior approach is associated with as high as 11.5% of subsequent iatrogenic radial nerve palsy. In contrast, the anterolateral approach has a relatively lower incidence of iatrogenic radial nerve injury. However, few studies have compared the functional outcomes and complications of the posterior and anterolateral surgical approaches as far as we know.

Objective

To compare the functional results and complication rates between anterolateral and posterior approaches in treating humeral mid-shaft fractures.

Methods

This study included 177 patients diagnosed with humeral mid-shaft fractures and surgically treated through anterolateral or posterior approaches from January 2015 and July 2019. We collected the demographic and operation data for each patient. During follow-up visits, radiographs were acquired and evaluated. At the 12-month follow-up, the functional results of the affected elbow and shoulder were evaluated with Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) , Constant score, and range of motions (ROMs) .

Results

The anterolateral approach was performed in 86 patients with type A fractures (group Ⅱ, n=51) and type B or C fractures (groupⅣ, n=35) . The posterior approach was performed in 91 patients with type A fractures (groupⅠ, n=45) and type B or C fractures (group Ⅲ, n=46) . No significant differences were found between groupⅠand groupⅡor between groupⅢ and group Ⅳ in demographics, operation data, fracture union time, ROMs of the shoulder and elbow joint, Constant score, or MEPS. There was a significant difference in the overall complication rate between groupsⅠand group Ⅱ (P=0.011) .

Conclusion

The anterolateral approach showed an advantage over the posterior approach to treat simple humeral mid-shaft fractures. However, this advantage was not observed in the treatment of comminuted fractures.

图1 患者,女性,58岁,跌倒致右肱骨干中段骨折(A型),术前(A)、术后即刻(B)和术后第12个月(C)X线片
表1 各组患者人口统计学资料、受伤情况、手术时间和失血量
表2 各组患者骨折愈合时间和肩关节功能结果比较(±s)
表3 各组患者的并发症比较[例(%)]
图2 Ⅱ、Ⅳ组患者采用的前外侧手术入路,箭头示肱骨干(A)和桡神经(B)
表4 7例感觉全部丧失及运动缺陷患者的手术入路、桡神经损伤原因、神经病变、治疗和临床结局
[1]
Brinker MR, O'Connor DP.The incidence of fractures and dislocations referred for orthopaedic services in a capitated population[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,2004,86A:290-297.
[2]
Court-Brown CM, Caesar B. Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review[J]. Injury,2006 ,37(8):691-697.
[3]
Leung KS, Kwan M, Wong J, et al. Therapeutic functional bracing in upper limb fracture-dislocations[J]. J Orthop Trauma,1988,2(4):308-313.
[4]
Toivanen JA, Nieminen J, Laine HJ, et al. Functional treatment of closed humeral shaft fractures[J]. Int Orthop,2005,29(1):10-13.
[5]
Sarmiento A, Zagorski JB, Zych GA, et al. Functional bracing for the treatment of fractures of the humeral diaphysis[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,2000,82:478-486.
[6]
Aitken GK, Rorabeck CH. Distal humerai fractures in the adult[J]. Clin Orthop Reiat Res,1986,207:191-197.
[7]
Epps CH, Grant RE. Fractures of the shaft of the humérus//Rockwood OA Jr, Green DR Buchoiz RW. . Rockwood and Green's fractures in adults[M].3rd ed. Phiiadeiphia: JB Lippincott: 1991:843-869.
[8]
Jawa A, McCarty P, Doornberg J, et al. Extra-articular distal-third diaphyseal fractures of the humerus: a comparison of functional bracing and plate fixation[J]. J Bone Joint Surg, 2006,88:2343-2347.
[9]
Lee TJ, Kwon DG, Na SI, et al. Modified combined approach for distal humerus shaft fracture: anterolateral and lateral bimodal approach[J]. Clin Orthop Surg, 2013,5:209-215.
[10]
Niall DM, O’Mahony J, McElwain JP. Plating of humeral shaft fractures—has the pendulum swung back?[J] . Injury,2004,35(6):580-586.
[11]
Changulani M, Jain UK, Keswani T. Comparison of the use of the humerus intramedullary nail and dynamic compression plate for the management of diaphyseal fractures of the humerus. a randomised controlled study[J]. Int Orthop,2007,31(3):391-395.
[12]
Zhiquan A, Bingfang Z, Xiaojian H. Plating osteosynthesis of mid-distal humeral shaft fractures:minimally invasive versus conventional open reduction technique[J]. Int Orthop (SICOT),2010, 34(1):131-135.
[13]
Perez EA. Fractures of the shoulder, arm, and forearm, in: S. Terry Canale, James H. Beaty.editors. Campbell’s operative orthopaedics[M]. 12th ed.Elsevier: 2013:2854.
[14]
Yin P, Zhang L, Mao Z, et al. Comparison of lateral and posterior surgical approach in management of extra-articular distal humeral shaft fractures[J]. Injury, 2014,45(7):1121-1125.
[15]
Idoine J III, French B, Opalek J. Plating of acute humeral diaphyseal fractures through an anterior approach in multiple trauma patients[J]. J Orthop Trauma, 2012,26(1):9-18.
[16]
Tomas L, Hobie S, William L,et al. Surgical technique: anterolateral approach to the humerus[J]. J Orthop Trauma , 2018, 32 Suppl 1:S6-S7.
[17]
Gerwin M, Hotchkiss RN, Weiland AJ .Alternative operative exposures of the posterior aspect of the humeral diaphysis with reference to the radial nerve[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,1996,78(11):1690-1695.
[18]
Yang Q, Wang F, Wang Q, et al. Surgical treatment of adult extra-articular distal humeral diaphyseal fractures using an oblique metaphyseal locking compression plate via a posterior approach[J]. Med Prin Pract, 2012,21 (1):40-45.
[19]
Singisetti K, Ambedkar M. Nailing versus plating in humerus shaft fractures: a prospective comparative study[J]. Int Orthop,2010,34(4):571-576.
[20]
Chao TC, Chou WY, Chung JC, et al. Humeral shaft fractures treated by dynamic compression plates, Ender nails and interlocking nails[J]. Int Orthop,2005,29(2):88-91.
[21]
Ajmal M, O'Sullivan M, McCabe J,et al. Antegrade locked intramedullary nailing in humeral shaft fractures[J]. Injury,2001, 32(9):692-694.
[22]
Hu X, Xu S, Lu H, et al. Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis vs conventional fixation techniques for surgically treated humeral shaft fractures: a meta-analysis[J]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2016 ,11(1):59.
[23]
Esmailiejah AA, Abbasian MR, Safdari F, et al. Treatment of humeral shaft fractures: minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis versus open reduction and internal fixation[J]. Trauma Mon, 2015,20(3):e26271.
[24]
Wang C, Li J, Li Y, et al.Is minimally invasive plating osteosynthesis for humeral shaft fracture advantageous compared with the conventional open technique?[J]. J Shoulder Elb Surg,2015,24(11):1741-1748.
[25]
Meekers FS, Broos PL. Operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures. The Leuven experience[J]. Acta Orthop Belg,2002,68(5):462-470.
[26]
Elizabeth BG, Alexander BC, Stephen JW, et al. The triceps-sparing posterior approach to plating humeral shaft fractures results in a high rate of union and low incidence of complications[J]. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg,2016,136 (12), 1683-1689.
[27]
Yatinder H, Yashwant ST , Vishal S, et al. Retrospective analysis of extra-articular distal humerus shaft fractures treated with the use of pre-contoured lateral column metaphyseal LCP by triceps-sparing posterolateral approach[J]. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr, 2017, 12 (1):1-9.
[28]
McKee MD, Larsson S. Humeral shaft fractures. In: Bucholz RW, Heckman JD, Court-Brown CM, Tornetta P (eds) Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults[M]. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2009:1000-1017.
[29]
Zhang L, Chen LW, Zhang WJ. Treatment of proximal and middle one-third humeral fractures with lateral distal tibial helical plate [J].Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol.,2012 ,22(8):673-679.
[30]
Chang AC, Ha NB, Sagar C, et al. The modified anterolateral approach to the humerus [J]. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2019,27(3):2309499019865954.
[31]
Boschi V, Pogorelic Z, Gulan G, et al. Subbrachial approach to humeral shaft fractures: new surgical technique and retrospective case series study [J]. Can J Surg,2013,56(1):27-34.
[32]
Sebastian L, Clemens H, Valentin R, et al. Open reduction and internal fixation of humeral midshaft fractures: anterior versus posterior plate fixation [J]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord,2019 ,20(1):527.
[33]
Femke C, Rinne P, Diederik V, et al. Factors associated with radial nerve palsy after operative treatment of diaphyseal humeral shaft fractures [J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg ,2015,24 (11), e307-311.
[34]
Prasarn ML, Ahn J, Paul O, et al. Dual plating for fractures of the distal third of the humeral shaft [J]. J Orthop Trauma, 2011 ,25(1):57-63.
[35]
Mohamad G, Sandeep A, Dan BI, et al. Incidence and predictors of radial nerve palsy with the anterolateral brachialis splitting approach to the humeral shaft [J]. Chin J Traumatol,2016,19(4):217-220.
[36]
Xun W, Ping Z, Youqing Z, et al. Secondary Radial Nerve Palsy After Internal Fixation of Humeral Shaft Fractures [J]. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol, 2014, 24 (3), 331-333.
[37]
Kwasny O, Maier R, Kutscha-Lissberg F, et al. Treatment procedure in humeral shaft fractures with primary or secondary radial nerve damage [J]. Unfallchirurgie, 1992,18(3):168-173.
[38]
Wang JP, Shen WJ, Chen WM, et al. Iatrogenic radial nerve palsy after operative management of humeral shaft fractures [J]. J Trauma,2009,66(3):800-803.
[39]
Seddon HJ. Nerve lesions complicating certain closed bone injuries [J]. JAMA, 1947,135 (11):691-694.
[40]
Lim R, Tay SC, Yam A. Radial nerve injury during double plating of a displaced intercondylar fracture [J]. J Hand Surg Am,2012, 37 (4):669-672.
[1] 郭杰坤, 王楹, 杨轩, 晏欢欣, 钟豪. Ilizarov 骨搬移技术在急诊一期修复GustiloⅢB 型胫骨长段开放粉碎性骨折的临床效果[J/OL]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2024, 19(06): 507-510.
[2] 李刘庆, 陈小翔, 吕成余. 全腹腔镜与腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术治疗进展期胃癌的近中期随访比较[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 23-26.
[3] 刘世君, 马杰, 师鲁静. 胃癌完整系膜切除术+标准D2根治术治疗进展期胃癌的近中期随访研究[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 27-30.
[4] 赵丽霞, 王春霞, 陈一锋, 胡东平, 张维胜, 王涛, 张洪来. 内脏型肥胖对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后早期并发症的影响[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 35-39.
[5] 李华志, 曹广, 刘殿刚, 张雅静. 不同入路下行肝切除术治疗原发性肝细胞癌的临床对比[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 52-55.
[6] 常小伟, 蔡瑜, 赵志勇, 张伟. 高强度聚焦超声消融术联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝细胞癌的效果及安全性分析[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 56-59.
[7] 徐逸男. 不同术式治疗梗阻性左半结直肠癌的疗效观察[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 72-75.
[8] 王露, 周丽君. 全腹腔镜下远端胃大部切除不同吻合方式对胃癌患者胃功能恢复、并发症发生率的影响[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 92-95.
[9] 许杰, 李亚俊, 冯义文. SOX新辅助化疗后腹腔镜胃癌D2根治术与常规根治术治疗进展期胃癌的近期随访比较[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 647-650.
[10] 刘柏隆, 周祥福. 女性尿失禁吊带手术并发症处理的经验分享[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 127-127.
[11] 嵇振岭, 陈杰, 唐健雄. 重视复杂腹壁疝手术并发症的预防和处理[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 601-606.
[12] 江志鹏, 钟克力, 陈双. 复杂腹壁疝手术后腹腔高压与腹腔间室综合征的预防和处理[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 612-615.
[13] 王学虎, 赵渝. 复杂腹壁疝手术中血管损伤并发症的预防和处理[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 616-619.
[14] 马东扬, 李斌, 陆安清, 王光华, 雷文章, 宋应寒. Gilbert 与单层补片腹膜前疝修补术疗效的随机对照研究[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 629-633.
[15] 喻蓉, 周伟力, 雷青, 陈松, 陈立, 刘峰, 丁州, 阳宏奇, 王康, 王大鹏. 改良的内外侧环抱锁定钢板在复杂胫骨平台骨折治疗中的临床疗效观察[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(08): 764-770.
阅读次数
全文


摘要