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中华肩肘外科电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (02) : 169 -174. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5790.2021.02.012

所属专题: 文献

论著

经肱三头肌两侧入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C3型骨折疗效分析
曾本强1, 卢冰2,(), 刘攀2, 罗凌云1, 秦谊1, 李想1, 胡骅1   
  1. 1. 611130 四川省人民医院温江医院·成都市温江区人民医院骨科
    2. 610000 成都,四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院骨科
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-15 出版日期:2021-05-05
  • 通信作者: 卢冰
  • 基金资助:
    四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(16PJ099); 成都市卫计委课题(2015181)

Effectiveness analysis of bilateral approaches via triceps and double plates internal fixation for type C3 distal humeral fractures

Benqiang Zeng1, Bing Lu2,(), Pan Liu2, Lingyun Luo1, Yi Qin1, Xiang Li1, Hua Hu1   

  1. 1. Department of Orthopaedics, Wenjiang Branch, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 611130, China
    2. Department of Orthopaedics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
  • Received:2020-11-15 Published:2021-05-05
  • Corresponding author: Bing Lu
引用本文:

曾本强, 卢冰, 刘攀, 罗凌云, 秦谊, 李想, 胡骅. 经肱三头肌两侧入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C3型骨折疗效分析[J]. 中华肩肘外科电子杂志, 2021, 09(02): 169-174.

Benqiang Zeng, Bing Lu, Pan Liu, Lingyun Luo, Yi Qin, Xiang Li, Hua Hu. Effectiveness analysis of bilateral approaches via triceps and double plates internal fixation for type C3 distal humeral fractures[J]. Chinese Journal of Shoulder and Elbow(Electronic Edition), 2021, 09(02): 169-174.

目的

探讨经肱三头肌两侧入路双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C3型(AO / OTA C3型)骨折的疗效。

方法

2016年1月至2019年12月四川省人民医院及分院收治32例肱骨远端C3型骨折患者,男17例、女15例;年龄28 ~ 79岁,平均(40.3±4.8)岁;左侧19例,右侧13例。所有患者均行经肱三头肌两侧入路双钢板内固定治疗。记录手术时间、手术出血量、骨折愈合时间;术后3个月肘关节及前臂活动度;术后6个月依据Mayo肘关节功能评分(Mayo elbow performance score,MEPS)评估患肘关节功能恢复情况;记录随访期间并发症发生情况。

结果

32例患者获得6 ~ 12个月随访,平均(8.4±1.9)个月。患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间(92.0±10.2)min,手术出血量(205±23)ml。术后3个月,患肘屈伸活动度为75 ~ 130°,平均(104.1±10.5)°,前臂旋转活动度为95 ~ 180°,平均(121.6±17.5)°。骨折愈合时间(4.0±1.2)个月。术后6个月,患肘MEPS评分为(84.6±2.3)分,优10例、良16例、中3例、差3例,优良率81.3%(26/32)。随访期间未出现内固定失败、尺神经损伤等并发症,3例患者出现骨化性肌炎。

结论

经肱三头肌两侧入路满足双钢板内固定治疗肱骨远端C3型骨折的骨折复位和内固定的术野需求,且保留了伸肘装置的连续性,有利于肘关节功能恢复。

Background

Type C distal humeral fracture is mostly caused by violence, resulting in the separation and displacement of medial and lateral condyle of humerus and the destruction of joint surface, and type C3 fracture is one of the most serious ones. Due to multiple layers of posterior tissue coverage, fracture exposure reduction and fixation are difficult, so the treatment of type C3 fracture is challenging.

Objective

To investigate the effectiveness analysis of bilateral approach via triceps and double plates internal fixation for type C3 (AO/OTA) distal humeral fractures.

Methods

From January 2016 to December 2019, 32 patients (17 males and 15 females) with type C3 distal humeral fractures were admitted to Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and its branch. The ages ranged from 28 to 79 years, with an average age of (40.3±4.8) years. There were 19 on the left side and 13 on the right side. All patients were treated with double plates internal fixation through bilateral approaches. The operation time, blood loss, fracture healing time, elbow joint and forearm activities in the 3rd month after operation were recorded. The recovery of elbow function was evaluated by the Mayo elbow function score (MEPS) in the 6th month postoperatively. The complications were recorded during follow-ups.

Results

All patients were followed up for (8.4±1.9) months (6-12 months) . All patients were successfully operated. The operation duration was (92.0±10.2) min, the blood loss was (205±23) ml, and the fracture healing time was (4.0±1.2) months. In the 3rd month after operation, the range of flexion and extension of elbow joint was 75°to 130° (104.1±10.5) °, and the range of forearm rotation was 95° to 180° (121.6±17.5) °. In the 6th month after operation, the MEPS score of the affected elbow was (84.6±2.3) points. There were 10 excellent cases, 16 good cases, 3 moderate cases, and 3 poor cases, and the excellent and good rate was 81.3% (26/32) . During the follow-up period, there were no complications such as internal fixation failure and ulnar nerve injury. However, 3 patients developed myositis ossificans.

Conclusion

The bilateral approaches via triceps meet the requirements of operative field exposure in the treatment of type C3 distal humeral fracture with double plates. It is convenient for fracture reduction and internal fixation, and preserves the continuity of triceps for elbow function recovery.

图1 术中所用患臂支架 图A:整体外观;图B:近端局部
图2 患者术中体位 图A:患者取健侧卧位并适当前倾,将患臂置于支架上,前臂自然下垂,肘关节充分显露;图B:患臂根部上气囊止血带并与支架牢固固定
图3 经肱三头肌两侧入路示意图,将游离的肱三头肌用纱布条提起(图A)并在置入钢板时牵向一边(图B),术野及空间均满足暴露及钢板置入需要
图4 术中正位(图A)、侧位(图B)X线片示复位内侧柱并用2枚克氏针临时固定,关节面粉碎的小骨块用克氏针固定,断针、埋于骨折断面后放回原位,可见肱骨远端解剖形态恢复
图5 患者女,43岁,骑电动车摔倒致右肱骨远端C3型骨折,行经肱三头肌两侧入路双钢板内固定治疗 图A:术前X线片示肱骨远端粉碎性骨折,成角畸形;图B:术前CT三维重建片示肱骨远端内外侧髁及关节面骨折块,外侧髁粉碎程度相对更严重,肱骨干向后分离移位
图6 术后肘关节正位(图A)、侧位(图B)X线片示肱骨远端解剖形态恢复、无畸形,内固定位置良好,无松动、移位
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