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中华肩肘外科电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (01) : 14 -21. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5790.2022.01.004

论著

回顾性分析影响SLAP损伤手术治疗方式的决策性因素
周传海1, 李方奇1, 侯景义1, 周敏1, 郭江1, 于萌蕾1, 亚穆罕默德·阿力克1, 黎清悦1, 杨睿1,()   
  1. 1. 510120 广州,中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院运动医学科
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-03 出版日期:2022-02-05
  • 通信作者: 杨睿
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81972067); 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82002342); 中山大学临床医学研究5010计划资助(2020004)

Retrospective analysis of decisive factors impacting on surgical method of SLAP lesion

Chuanhai Zhou1, Fangqi Li1, Jingyi Hou1, Min Zhou1, Jiang Guo1, Menglei Yu1, Alike Yamuhanmode1, Qingyue Li1, Rui Yang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Sports Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
  • Received:2021-02-03 Published:2022-02-05
  • Corresponding author: Rui Yang
引用本文:

周传海, 李方奇, 侯景义, 周敏, 郭江, 于萌蕾, 亚穆罕默德·阿力克, 黎清悦, 杨睿. 回顾性分析影响SLAP损伤手术治疗方式的决策性因素[J]. 中华肩肘外科电子杂志, 2022, 10(01): 14-21.

Chuanhai Zhou, Fangqi Li, Jingyi Hou, Min Zhou, Jiang Guo, Menglei Yu, Alike Yamuhanmode, Qingyue Li, Rui Yang. Retrospective analysis of decisive factors impacting on surgical method of SLAP lesion[J]. Chinese Journal of Shoulder and Elbow(Electronic Edition), 2022, 10(01): 14-21.

目的

探究临床制定肩关节上盂唇从前到后撕裂(superior labrum anterior posterior,SLAP)损伤手术治疗方式的影响因素。

方法

对2018年1月至2021年1月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院行手术治疗的163例SLAP损伤患者进行回顾性分析,通过分析患者的年龄、肩关节外伤史、保守治疗史、患病时间、合并损伤情况以及SLAP分型等关键因素与手术方式的相关性。并进行Logistics回归方程构建回归模型。

结果

163例患者中,4例为I型、132例为II型、13例为III型、14例为IV型。手术方式与分型无相关性(P>0.05)。在II型SLAP损伤中,未发现SLAP修整术有明显相关的影响因素(P>0.05)。采用SLAP修补术的患者平均年龄较未采用者小18.84岁;采用腱离断术的患者平均年龄较未采用者大13.01岁(P<0.01)。相比于腱离断术,选择单纯腱固定或止点下移腱固定术的倾向与合并长头腱撕裂呈负相关(OR=0.169, 95% CI: 0.039~0.736; OR=0.275, 95% CI: 0.086~0.878)。相比于腱离断术或止点下移腱固定术,选择单纯腱固定术与合并保守治疗史呈正相关(OR=26.979, 95% CI: 2.622~277.635; OR=8.827, 95% CI: 1.007~77.358)。

结论

SLAP修整术普遍广泛应用于各种类型的SLAP损伤。针对II型SLAP损伤,对年轻患者更倾向使用SLAP修补术,年长以及合并长头腱撕裂的患者更倾向于使用腱离断术,有保守治疗史的患者更倾向使用单纯腱固定术。

Background

The superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) lesion is a common reason for shoulder pain and snapping or popping and severely affects exercise performance. According to the pathological structure, SLAP injury is classified into four sub-types, and type II is the most common injury. The treatment of SLAP lesion is based on the type of SLAP injury, the patient's age, and the need for shoulder movement, etc. However, the surgical method for SLAP-II injury remains controversial, and there is a lack of high-level evidence-based support. Though with a sound effect for SLAP repair, it is reported that the patient satisfaction and return rates are not high among elderly or overhead athletes, and there is a possibility of prolonged recovery time and surgery failure. Tenotomy or tenodesis has gradually become the alternative option for primary SLAP injury.

Objective

To explore the decisive factors influencing the clinical decision for the surgery of SLAP injuries.

Methods

A total of 163 patients with SLAP injuries who had undergone surgery in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 was retrospectively analyzed, and the correlation between the surgical methods and the critical factors, including age, history of shoulder trauma, history of conservative treatment, duration, combined injuries and classification, etc. were investigated. The Logistics regression equation was used to construct the regression model.

Results

Among the 163 patients, 4 cases were type I, 132 cases were type II, 13 cases were type III, and 14 cases were type IV. There was no correlation between the surgery method and the SLAP classification (P>0.05) . In type II SLAP injury, there were no significant correlative factors related to SLAP repair (P>0.05) . The average age of patients who underwent SLAP repair was 18.84 years younger than those who did not. The average age of patients who underwent tenotomy were 13.01 years younger than those who did not (P<0.01) . Compared to tenotomy, there is a negative correlation between simple tenodesis or insertion downward tenodesis with LHBT tear (OR=0.169, 95% CI: 0.039-0.736; OR=0.275, 95% CI: 0.086-0.878) . However, compared to tenotomy or insertion downward tenodesis, there is a positive correlation between tenodesis with the history of conservative treatment (OR=26.979, 95% CI: 2.622-277.635; OR=8.827, 95% CI: 1.007-77.358) .

Conclusion

SLAP repair is widely used for all types of SLAP lesions. For type II SLAP injuries, SLAP repair is preferred for young patients, while elderly patients and those with LHBT tear were more likely to undergo tenotomy. In addition, the simple tenodesis is preferred for patients with a history of conservative treatment.

表1 手术患者的一般临床资料
表2 四种SLAP损伤分型的病例资料
SLAP分型 年龄(岁,±s 性别[例(%)] 患病时间[M0.5(Q1-Q3)] 合并损伤[例(%)]
腱滑囊炎 长头腱撕裂 肩关节不稳 长头腱Pulley损伤
I型 46.25±11.95 3(3.3) 1(1.4) 5月(6周~8.25月) 3(75.0) 2(50.0)a,b 1(25.0) 1(25.0)
II型 56.83±12.70 69(76.7) 63(86.3) 4月(2月~1年) 96(72.7) 41(31.1)b 41(31.1) 58(43.9)
III型 52.00±19.35 7(7.8) 6(8.2) 1.5年(2月~2年) 9(69.2) 5(38.5)b 6(46.2) 7(53.8)
IV型 49.00±14.58 11(12.2) 3(4.1) 6月(5周~2.75年) 11(78.6) 13(92.9)a 3(21.4) 5(35.7)
总计 55.63±13.55 90(55.2) 73(44.8) 4月(2月~1年) 119(73.0) 61(37.4) 51(31.3) 71(43.6)
检验值 F=2.412 F=4.107 H=1.889 F=0.496 F=20.952 F=2.044 F=1.442
P 0.069 0.242 0.596 0.926 <0.001 0.57 0.748
SLAP分型 肩部外伤史[例(%)] 保守治疗史[例(%)] SLAP修整术[例(%)] SLAP修补术[例(%)] 止点下移腱固定术[例(%)] 腱离断术[例(%)] 腱固定术[例(%)]
I型 1(25.0) 2(50.0) 4(100.0) 0(0.0) 2(50.0) 1(25.0) 0(0.0)
II型 63(47.7) 90(68.2) 118(89.4) 15(11.4) 47(35.6) 41(31.1) 20(15.2)
III型 5(38.5) 7(53.8) 12(92.3) 4(30.8) 3(23.1) 5(38.5) 1(7.7)
IV型 6(42.9) 12(85.7) 14(100.0) 0(0.0) 10(71.4) 2(14.3) 1(7.1)
总计 75(46.0) 111(68.1) 148(90.8) 19(11.7) 62(38.0) 49(30.1) 22(13.5)
检验值 F=1.182 F=3.963 F=1.202 F=5.450 F=8.141 F=2.220 F=0.748
P 0.799 0.25 0.706 0.105 0.033 0.516 0.848
表3 SLAP II型损伤手术治疗方式的影响因素
表4 SLAP修补术及腱离断术的Logistics回归分析
表5 腱离断术、单纯腱固定术及止点下移腱固定术的无序多分类Logistics回归分析
B 标准错误 瓦尔德 自由度 显著性 Exp(B EXP(B)95% CI
下限 上限
单纯腱固定术(以腱离断术为对照)
截距 7.030 2.538 7.673 1 0.006
年龄 -0.130 0.038 11.481 1 0.001 0.878 0.814 0.947
合并腱滑囊炎 -1.304 0.884 2.178 1 0.140 0.271 0.048 1.534
合并长头腱撕裂 -1.780 0.752 5.610 1 0.018 0.169 0.039 0.736
合并肩关节不稳 0.367 0.736 0.249 1 0.618 1.444 0.341 6.116
合并长头腱Pulley损伤 -0.403 0.718 0.314 1 0.575 0.669 0.164 2.733
合并肩部外伤史 0.849 0.667 1.619 1 0.203 2.337 0.632 8.642
合并保守治疗史 3.295 1.189 7.674 1 0.006 26.979 2.622 277.635
止点下移腱固定术
截距 7.352 2.117 12.058 1 0.001
年龄 -0.120 0.031 14.540 1 <0.001 0.887 0.834 0.943
合并腱滑囊炎 -0.181 0.727 0.062 1 0.804 0.835 0.201 3.467
合并长头腱撕裂 -1.292 0.593 4.747 1 0.029 0.275 0.086 0.878
合并肩关节不稳 0.034 0.588 0.003 1 0.954 1.035 0.327 3.278
合并长头腱Pulley损伤 0.045 0.566 0.006 1 0.936 1.046 0.345 3.175
合并肩部外伤史 0.382 0.518 0.544 1 0.461 1.466 0.531 4.046
合并保守治疗史 1.117 0.641 3.037 1 0.081 3.056 0.870 10.738
单纯腱固定术(以止点下移腱固定术为对照)
截距 -0.322 1.941 0.028 1 0.868
年龄 -0.010 0.030 0.117 1 0.732 0.990 0.933 1.050
合并腱滑囊炎 -1.123 0.827 1.844 1 0.174 0.325 0.064 1.645
合并长头腱撕裂 -0.488 0.676 0.520 1 0.471 0.614 0.163 2.311
合并肩关节不稳 0.333 0.646 0.266 1 0.606 1.396 0.394 4.949
合并长头腱Pulley损伤 -0.448 0.626 0.512 1 0.474 0.639 0.187 2.178
合并肩部外伤史 0.467 0.581 0.646 1 0.422 1.595 0.511 4.977
合并保守治疗史 2.178 1.107 3.867 1 0.049 8.827 1.007 77.358
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