切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华肩肘外科电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (01) : 63 -73. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5790.2021.01.010

所属专题: 文献

国际肩肘之窗

欧洲创伤与急诊外科学会(ESTES)建议:老年肱骨近端骨折
张晓萌1, 陈建海1   
  1. 1. 100044 北京大学人民医院创伤骨科
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-18 出版日期:2021-02-05
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31640045、31671246); 国家重点研发计划专项(2016YFC110604); 教育部创新团队项目(IRT_16R01); 北京大学医学部学院建设项目(2020)-国家创伤医学中心(BMU2020XY005-01); 北京大学医学部学院建设项目(2020)-创伤救治与神经再生教育部重点实验室(BMU2020XY005-03)

ESTES recommendations on proximal humerus fractures in the elderly

Xiaomeng Zhang1, Jianhai Chen1   

  • Received:2021-01-18 Published:2021-02-05
引用本文:

张晓萌, 陈建海. 欧洲创伤与急诊外科学会(ESTES)建议:老年肱骨近端骨折[J]. 中华肩肘外科电子杂志, 2021, 09(01): 63-73.

Xiaomeng Zhang, Jianhai Chen. ESTES recommendations on proximal humerus fractures in the elderly[J]. Chinese Journal of Shoulder and Elbow(Electronic Edition), 2021, 09(01): 63-73.

图1 肱骨头缺血性坏死的预后因素[10] 图A-B:肱骨头干骺端延伸;图C-D:内侧铰链
图2 Codman分型[20]
图3 Neer分型[21]
图4 AO创伤分型应用2018[22]
图5 Hertel分型[9]
表1 保守治疗与切开复位内固定术患者随访2年后功能差异比较(分)
图6 肱骨近端骨折(决策指导)
[1]
Barrett JA, Baron JA, Karagas MR, et al. Fracture risk in the US medicare population[J]. J Clin Epidemiol,1999,52(3):243-249.
[2]
Palvanen M, Kannus P, Niemi S, et al. Update in the epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res,2006,442:87-92.
[3]
Johnell O, Kanis J. Epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures[J]. Osteoporos Int,2005,16(2):S3-S7.
[4]
Court-Brown CM, Caesar B. Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review[J]. Injury,2006,37(8):691-697.
[5]
Neer CS. Displaced proximal humeral fractures: part I. Classification and evaluation[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,1970,52(6):1077-1089.
[6]
Hanson B, Neidenbach P, de Boer P, et al. Functional out-comes after nonoperative management of fractures of the proximal humerus[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2009,18(4):612-621.
[7]
Zyto K. Non-operative treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients[J]. Injury,1998,29(5):349-352.
[8]
Bell JE, Leung BC, Spratt KF, et al. Trends and variation in incidence, surgical treatment, and repeat surgery of proximal humeral fractures in the elderly[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,2011,93(2):121-131.
[9]
Hertel R, Hempfing A, Stiehler M,et al. Predictors of humeral head ischemia after intracapsular fracture of the proximal humerus[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2004,13(4):427-433.
[10]
Fjalestad T, Hole MO, Hovden IA, et al. Surgical treatment with an angular stable plate for complex displaced proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Orthop Trauma,2012,26(2):98-106.
[11]
Miranda MA. Locking plate technology and its role in osteoporotic fractures[J]. Injury,2007,38(3):S35-S39.
[12]
Roderer G, Gebhard F, Krischak G, et al. Biomechanical in vitro assessment of fixed angle plating using a new concept of locking for the treatment of osteoporotic proximal humerus fractures[J]. Int Orthop,2011,35(4):535-541.
[13]
Clavert P, Adam P, Bevort A,et al. Pitfalls and complications with locking plate for proximal humerus fracture[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2010,19(4):489-494.
[14]
Olerud P, Ahrengart L, Ponzer S, et al. Internal fixation versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2011,20(5):747-755.
[15]
Sanders RJ, Thissen LG, Teepen JC, et al. Locking plate versus nonsurgical treatment for proximal humeral fractures: better midterm outcome with nonsurgical treatment[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2011, 20(7):1118-1124.
[16]
Handoll HH, Brorson S. Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2015,11(11):CD000434.
[17]
Zyto K, Ahrengart L, Sperber A, et al. Treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 1997, 79(3):412-417.
[18]
World Health Organization. International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF)[R]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001.
[19]
Hirzinger C, Tauber M, Resch H. Proximal humerus fracture: new aspects in epidemiology, fracture morphology, and diagnostics[J]. Unfallchirurg, 2011, 114(12):1051-1058.
[20]
Codman E. Fractures in relation to the subacromial bursa. The shoulder: rupture of the supraspinatus tendon and other lesions about the subacromial bursa [M]. Boston: Thomas Todd Company,1943:18-31.
[21]
Neer CS II. Displaced Proximal Humerus Fractures: Part I: Classification and Evaluation[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,1970,52-A:1077-1089.
[22]
Müller ME, Nazarian S, Koch P. Classification AO des fractures[M]. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1987.
[23]
Seeman E, Delmas PD. Bone quality-the material and structural basis of bone strength and fragility[J]. N Engl J Med, 2006, 354(21):2250-2261.
[24]
Paci M, Burks S, Wang MY. Consensus guidelines for the treatment of osteoporosis[J]. Neurosurgery, 2018, 82(1):N6-N7.
[25]
Komadina R. Hip, osteoporosis, new paradigm[J]. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2008, 43(2):163-170.
[26]
Cummings SR, Newitt MC. A hypothesis: the causes of hip fracture[J]. J Gerontol,1989,44(4):107-111.
[27]
Boons HW, Goosen JH, van Grinsven S, et al. Hemiarthroplasty for humeral four-part fractures for patients 65 years and older: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2012, 470(12):3483-3491.
[28]
Brouwer ME, Reininga IHF, El Moumni M, et al. Out-comes of operative and nonoperative treatment of 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly: a 10-year retrospective cohort study[J]. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2019, 45(1):131-138.
[29]
Fjalestad T, Hole MO, Jorgensen JJ, et al. Health and cost consequences of surgical versus conservative treatment for a comminuted proximal humeral fracture in elderly patients[J]. Injury, 2010, 41(6):599-605.
[30]
Fjalestad T, Hole MO. Displaced proximal humeral fractures: operative versus non-operative treatment[J]. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol, 2014,24(7):1067-1073.
[31]
Court-Brown CM, Garg A, McQueen MM. The translated two-part fracture of the proximal humerus-epidemiology and outcome in the older patient[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2002, 84(6):504-508.
[32]
Gaebler C, McQueen MM, Court-Brown CM. Minimally displaced proximal humerla fractures: epidemiology and outcome in 507 cases[J]. Acta Orthop Scand, 2003,74(5):580-585.
[33]
Olerod P, Ahrengart L, Ponzer S, et al. Internal fixation versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2011,20(5):747-755.
[34]
Resch H, Povacz P, Frohlich R, et al. Percutaneous fixation of three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br,1997, 79(2):295-300.
[35]
Fjalestad T, Hole MØ, Hovden IA, et al. Surgical treatment with an angular stable plate for complex displaced proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Orthop Trauma,2012,26:98-106.
[36]
Südkamp N, Baver J, Hepp P, et al. Open reduction en internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures with the use of LPHP[J]. J Bone Joint Am, 2009,91(6):1320-1328.
[37]
Brorson S, Rasmussen JV, Frich LH, et al. Benefits and harms of locking plate osteosynthesis in intraarticular (OTA Type C) fractures of the proximal humerus: a systematic review[J]. Injury, 2012, 43(7):999-1005.
[38]
Rangan A, Handoll H, Brealey S, et al. Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of adults with displaced fractures of the proximal humerus: The Profher Randomized Clinical Trial[J]. J Orthop Trauma, 2016, 30(4):e143.
[39]
Erhardt JB, Stoffel K, Kampshoff J, et al. The position and number of screws influence screw perforation of the humeral head in modern locking plates: a cadaver study[J]. J Orthop Trauma, 2012, 26(10):188-192.
[40]
Schliemann B, Waehnert D, Theisen C, et al. How to enhance the stability of locking plate fixation of proximal humerus fractures? An overview of current biomechanical data[J]. Injury, 2015, 46(7):1207-1214.
[41]
Schliemann B, Seifert R, Rossienbroich SB, et al. Screw augmentation reduces motion at the bone-implant interface: a biomechanical study of locking plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2015, 24(12):1968-1973.
[42]
Ruchholtz S, Hauk C, Lewan U, et al. Minimal invasive Polyaxial Locking plate fixation in proximal humerus fractures: a prospective study[J]. J Trauma, 2011, 71(6):1737-1744.
[43]
Jabran A, Peach C, Ren L. Biomechanical analysis of plate systems for proximal humerus fractures: a systematic literature review[J]. Biomed Eng Online, 2018, 17(1):47.
[44]
Sproul RC, Iyengar JJ, Devcic Z, et al. A systematic review of locking plate fixation of prox[J]. Humerus fractures Inj, 2011, 42(4):408-413.
[45]
Olerud P, Ahrengart L, Ponzer S, et al. Internal fixation versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part prox. Humeral fractures in elderly: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2011, 20(5):747-755.
[46]
Sohn HS, Jeon YS, Lee J, et al. Clinical comparison between open plating and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for displaced proximal humeral fractures: a prospective randomized controlled trial[J]. Injury, 2017, 48(6):1175-1182.
[47]
Adedapo AO, Ikpeme JO. The results of internal fixation of three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures with the Polarus nail[J]. Injury, 2001,32(2):115-121.
[48]
Agel J, Jones CB, Sanzone AG, et al. Treatment of proximal humeral fractures with Polarus nail fixation[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2004, 13(2):191-195.
[49]
Dall'Oca C, Maluta T, Leone N, et al. The treatment of proximal humeral fractures with a "Polarus" intramedullary nail[J]. Acta Biomed, 2014, 85(2):25-30.
[50]
Georgousis M, Kontogeorgakos V, Kourkouvelas S, et al. Internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures with the polarus intramedullary nail[J]. Acta Orthop Belg, 2010, 76(4):462-467.
[51]
Rajasekhar C, Ray PS, Bhamra MS. Fixation of proximal humeral fractures with the Polarus nail[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2001,10(1):7-10.
[52]
Giannoudis PV, Xypnitos FN, Dimitriou R, et al. Internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures using the Polarus intramedullary nail: our institutional experience and review of the literature[J]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2012, 7(1):39.
[53]
Bernard J, Charalambides C, Aderinto J, et al. Early failure of intramedullary nailing for proximal humeral fractures[J]. Injury, 2000, 31(10):789-792.
[54]
Nolan BM, Kippe MA, Waiter JM, et al. Surgical treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures with a short intramedullary nail[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2011, 20(8):1241-1247.
[55]
Sosef N, van Leerdam R, Ott P, et al. Minimal invasive fixation of proximal humeral; fractures with an intramedullary nail: good results in elderly patients[J]. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg,2010, 130(5):605-611.
[56]
von Rueden C, Trapp O, Hierholzer C, et al. Intramedullary nailing vs. locking plate osteosynthesis in proximal humeral fractures: long-term outcome[J]. Unfallchirurg, 2015,118(8):686-692.
[57]
Stedtfeld HW, Mittlmeier T. Fixation of proximal humeral fractures with an intramedullary nail: tipps and tricks[J]. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2007, 33(4):367-374.
[58]
Mittlmeier TW, Stedtfeld HW, Ewert A, et al. Stabilization of proximal humeral fractures with an angular and sliding stable antegrade locking nail (Targon PH)[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2003,85-A(4):136-146.
[59]
Gradl G, Dietze A, Arndt D, et al. Angular and sliding stable antegrade nailing (Targon PH) for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures[J]. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2007, 127(10):937-944.
[60]
Mathews J, Lobenhoffer P. The Targon PH nail as an internal fixator for unstable fractures of the proximal humerus[J]. Oper Orthop Traumatol, 2007, 19(3):255-275.
[61]
Blum J, Hansen M, Rommens RM. Angle-stable intramedullary nailing of proximal humerus fractures with the PHN (proximal humeral nail)[J]. Oper Orthop Traumatol, 2009, 21(3):296-311.
[62]
Zhu Y, Lu Y, Wang M, et al. Treatment of proximal humeral fracture with a proximal humeral nail[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2010, 19(2):297-302.
[63]
Hessmann MH, Nijs S, Mittlmeier T, et al. Internal fixation of fractures of the proximal humerus with the MultiLoc nail[J]. Oper Orthop Traumatol, 2012,24(4-5):418-431.
[64]
Hao TD, Huat AWT. Surgical technique and early outcomes of intramedullary nailing of displaced proximal humeral fractures in an Asian population using a contemporary straight nail design[J]. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2017, 25(2):2309499017713934.
[65]
Cuny C, Pfeffer F, Irrazi M, et al. Un nouveau clou verrouillé pour les fractures proximales de l'humérus [A new locking nail for proximal humerus fractures: the Telegraph nail, technique and preliminary results][J]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot,2002, 88(1):62-67.
[66]
Garret J, Houdré H, Cievet-Bonfils M, et al. Surgical treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures with a technique of nail and osteosuture: "NOS"[J]. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol, 2017,27(3):391-397.
[67]
Boughebri O, Havet E, Sanguina M, et al. Treatment of proximal humeral fractures by Telegraph nail: prospective study of 34 cases[J]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot, 2007, 93(4):325-332.
[68]
Liu QH, Sun W, Zhou JL, et al. A new approach for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures using the TRIGEN proximal humeral nail[J]. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol, 2014, 24(4):467-474.
[69]
Fuechtmeier B, Broeckner S, Hente R, et al. The treatment of dislocated humeral head fractures with a new proximal intramedullary nail system[J]. Int Orthop, 2008, 32(6):759-765.
[70]
Freynik F, Freynik S, Zenker W, et al. Angular and sliding stable internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using the "Varion" intramedullary nail[J]. Z Orthop Unfall, 2013,151(4):343-349.
[71]
Hessmann MH, Hansen WS, Krummenauer F, et al. Locked plate fixation and intramedullary nailing for proximal humerus fractures: a biomechanical evaluation[J]. J Trauma, 2005, 58(6):1194-1201.
[72]
Füchtmeier B, May R, Fierlbeck J, et al. A comparative biomechanical analysis of implants for the stabilization of proximal humerus fractures[J]. Technol Health Care, 2006, 14(4-5):261-270.
[73]
Fuechtmeier B, May R, Hente R, et al. Proximal humerus fractures: a comparative biomechanical analysis of intra and extramedullary implants[J]. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2007, 127(6):441-447.
[74]
Kitson J, Booth G, Day R. A biomechanical comparison of locking plate and locking nail implants used for fractures of the proximal humerus[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2007, 16(3):362-366.
[75]
Yoon RS, Dziadosz D, Porter DA, et al. A comprehensive update on current fixation options for two-part proximal humerus fractures: a biomechanical investigation[J]. Injury,2014, 45(3):510-514.
[76]
Clavert P, Hatzidakis A, Boileau P. Anatomical and biomechanical evaluation of an intramedullary nail for fractures of proximal humerus fractures based on tuberosity fixation[J]. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 2016, 32:108-112.
[77]
Foruria AM, Carrascal MT, Revilla C, et al. Proximal humerus fracture rotational stability after fixation using a locking plate or a fixed-angle locked nail: the role of implant stiffness[J]. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon),2010, 25(4):307-311.
[78]
Edwards SL, Wilson NA, Zhang LQ, et al. Two-part surgical neck fractures of the proximal part of the humerus. A biomechanical evaluation of two fixation techniques[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2006, 88(10):2258-2264.
[79]
Lange M, Brandt D, Mittlmeier T, et al. Proximal humeral fractures: non-operative treatment versus intramedullary nailing in 2-, 3- and 4-part fractures[J]. Injury, 2016, 47(7):S14-S19.
[80]
Gradl G, Dietze A, Kääb M, et al. Is locking nailing of humeral head fractures superior to locking plate fixation?[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res,2009, 467(11):2986-2993.
[81]
Boudard G, Pomares G, Milin L, et al. Locking plate fixation versus antegrade nailing of 3- and 4-part proximal humerus fractures in patients without osteoporosis Comparative retrospective study of 63 cases[J]. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res, 2014, 100(8):917-924.
[82]
Konrad G, Audigé L, Lambert S, et al. Similar outcomes for nail versus plate fixation of three-part proximal humeral fractures[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res,2012, 470(2):602-609.
[83]
Lekic N, Montero NM, Takemoto RC, et al. Treatment of two-part proximal humerus fractures: intramedullary nail compared to locked plating[J]. HSS J, 2012, 8(2):86-91.
[84]
Lopiz Y, Garcia-Coiradas J, Garcia-Fernandez C, et al. Proximal humerus nailing: a randomized clinical trial between curvilinear and straight nails[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2014, 23(3):369-376.
[85]
Wang G, Mao Z, Zhang L, et al. Meta-analysis of locking plate versus intramedullary nail for treatment of proximal humeral fractures[J]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2015, 10(1):122.
[86]
Gupta AK, Harris JD, Erickson BJ, et al. Surgical management of complex proximal humerus fractures-a systematic review of 92 studies including 4500 patients[J]. J Orthop Trauma, 2015, 29(1):54-59.
[87]
Olerud P, Ahrengart L, Ponzer S, et al. Hemiarthroplasty versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2011, 20(7):1025-1033.
[88]
Boons HW, Goosen JH, van Grinsven S, et al. Hemiarthroplasty for humeral four-part fractures for patients 65 years and older: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2012, 470(12):3483-3491.
[89]
Rangan A, Handoll H, Brealey S, et al. Surgical vs nonsurgical treatment of adults with displaced fractures of the proximal humerus: the PROFHER randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2015, 313(10):1037-1047.
[90]
Boileau P, Krishnan S, Tinsi L, et al. Tuberosity malposition and migration: Reasons for poor outcomes after hemiarthroplasty for displaced fractures of the proximal humerus[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2002, 11(5):401-412.
[91]
Kralinger F, Schwaiger R, Wambacher M, et al. Outcome after primary hemiarthroplasty for fracture of the head of the humerus. A retrospective multicentre study of 167 patients[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2004, 86(2):217-219.
[92]
Robinson C, Page R, Hill R, et al. Primary hemiarthroplasty for treatment of proximal humeral fractures[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2003, 85(7):1215-1223.
[93]
Nijs S, Broos P. Outcome of shoulder hemiarthroplasty in acute proximal humeral fractures: a frustrating meta-analysis experience[J]. Acta Orthop Belg, 2009, 75(4):445-451.
[94]
Kontakis G, Koutras C, Tosounidis T, et al. Early management of proximal humeral fractures with hemiarthroplasty: a systematic review[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2008, 90(11):1407-1413.
[95]
Borowsky KA, Prasad VR, Wear LJ, et al. Is failure of tuberosity suture repair in hemiarthroplasty for fracture mechanical?[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2013, 22(7):971-978.
[96]
Lambert SM. Ischaemia, healing and outcomes in proximal humeral fractures[J]. EFORT Open Rev, 2018, 3(5):304-315.
[97]
Werner BS, Daggett M, Carrillon Y, et al. Evaluation of lengthening in reverse shoulder arthroplasty comparing X-rays and computerised tomography[J]. Int Orthop, 2015, 39(2):2389-2394.
[98]
Bonnevialle N, Tournier C, Clavert P, et al. Hemiarthroplasty versus reverse shoulder arthroplasty in 4-part displaced fractures of the proximal humerus: multicenter retrospective study[J]. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res, 2016, 102(5):569-573.
[99]
Solomon JA, Joseph SM, Shishani Y, et al. Cost analysis of hemiarthroplasty versus reverse shoulder arthroplasty for fractures[J]. Orthopedics,2016, 39(4):230-234.
[100]
Baudi P, Campochiaro G, Serafini F, et al. Hemiarthroplasty versus reverse shoulder arthroplasty: comparative study of functional and radiological outcomes in the treatment of acute proximal humerus fracture[J]. Musculoskelet Surg, 2014, 98(1 Supplement):19-25.
[101]
Chalmers PN, Slikker W III, Mall NA, et al. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for acute proximal humeral fracture: comparison to open reduction-internal fixation and hemiarthroplasty[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2014, 23(2):197-204.
[102]
Garrigues GE, Johnston PS, Pepe MD, et al. Hemiarthroplasty versus reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for acute proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients[J]. Orthopedics, 2012, 35(5):e703-e708.
[103]
Young SW, Segal BS, Turner PC, et al. Comparison of functional outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty in the primary treatment of acute proximal humerus fracture[J]. ANZ J Surg, 2010, 80(11):789-793.
[104]
Gallinet D, Clappaz P, Garbuio P, et al. Three or four parts complex proximal humerus fractures: hemiarthroplasty versus reverse prosthesis: a comparative study of 40 cases[J]. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res, 2009, 95(1):48-55.
[105]
Cuff DJ, Pupello DR. Comparison of hemiarthroplasty and reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2013,95(22):2050-2055.
[106]
Sebastiá-Forcada E, Cebrián-Gómez R, Lizaur-Utrilla A, et al. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for acute proximal humeral fractures. A blinded, randomized, controlled, prospective study[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2014, 23(10):1419-1426.
[107]
Boyle MJ, Youn SM, Frampton CMA, et al. Functional outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty compared with hemiarthroplasty for acute proximal humeral fractures[J]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2013,22(1):32-37.
[108]
Brorson S, Salomonsson B, Jensen SL, et al. Revision after shoulder replacement for acute fracture of the proximal humerus[J]. Acta Orthop, 2017, 88(4):446-450.
No related articles found!
阅读次数
全文


摘要