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中华肩肘外科电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02) : 172 -176. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5790.2024.02.013

病例报告

分期手术治疗陈旧肘关节脱位合并尺桡骨轴向不稳病例一例
王飞燕1, 陆晟迪1, 王龑懋1, 丁坚1,()   
  1. 1. 200233 上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院骨科
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-20 出版日期:2024-05-05
  • 通信作者: 丁坚
  • Received:2023-06-20 Published:2024-05-05
引用本文:

王飞燕, 陆晟迪, 王龑懋, 丁坚. 分期手术治疗陈旧肘关节脱位合并尺桡骨轴向不稳病例一例[J]. 中华肩肘外科电子杂志, 2024, 12(02): 172-176.

前臂在肩、肘关节运动的辅助下,使人们可以将手放在空间的任何地方。它具有独特的适应性,可以实现近180°的旋转,同时仍能承受较大的载荷[1]。前臂的整体稳定性依赖于尺桡骨及复合结构的完整性,包含上尺桡关节及下尺桡关节,整个结构由骨间膜复合体连接[2]。肘关节分离脱位是一种肱尺关节、肱桡关节同时存在分离移位的肘关节脱位类型。这种少见的类型由于上、下传导暴力集中于肘关节,前臂呈过度旋前位,环状韧带和尺桡骨近侧骨间膜劈裂,引起桡骨头、尺骨近端和肱骨远端的位置关系发生分离。Essex-Lopresti损伤,也是一种罕见的复杂的损伤,这类损伤涉及下尺桡关节的分离、桡骨头骨折和骨间膜的撕裂,造成前臂纵向不稳定,可导致严重的功能障碍[3]。本文报道1例由外伤引起的尺桡骨多发骨折伴腕肘关节脱位术后肘关节僵硬的成人病例,该患者在外伤后半年余因肘关节功能障碍于本院寻求治疗。通过对此病例的手术治疗过程及后续康复和随访情况的观察,探讨针对此类损伤的治疗策略。

图1 术前功能:右肘关节活动受限 图A:屈80°;图B:伸40°;图C:旋前0°;图D:旋后80°
图2 术前X线片(图A-B)及CT片(图C-D)
图3 第一次手术术中,开放松解术(图A),安装外固定支架及牵张装置(图B)
图4 第一次术后次日X线片,可见桡骨头近侧移位明显(图A),尺骨征阳性(图B)
图5 第二次手术术中,使用肱三头肌腱膜翻转重建外尺侧副韧带
图6 第二次术中透视 图A:肱桡关节在位;图B:肱尺关节可以维持同心圆复位
图7 第二次术后CT
图8 术后12个月随访,右肘关节活动:伸10°(图A),屈130°(图B),旋后90°(图C),旋前20°(图D)
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